Europe3
The GDPR sets the global standard for data protection, requiring explicit opt-in consent before processing personal data of EU/EEA residents. For websites, non-essential cookies must be blocked until visitors actively consent. Pre-ticked boxes and implied consent are invalid.
Article 5(3) of the ePrivacy Directive is the primary EU legal basis requiring cookie consent. It mandates prior informed consent before storing or accessing any information on a user's device, with narrow exceptions only for transmission necessity and explicitly requested services.
The Czech Republic shifted from implied consent via browser settings to full opt-in consent on January 1, 2022. Section 89(3) now requires GDPR-compliant prior consent before storing cookies. The UOOU began imposing fines on non-compliant websites in 2023.