Europe3
The GDPR sets the global standard for data protection, requiring explicit opt-in consent before processing personal data of EU/EEA residents. For websites, non-essential cookies must be blocked until visitors actively consent. Pre-ticked boxes and implied consent are invalid.
Article 5(3) of the ePrivacy Directive is the primary EU legal basis requiring cookie consent. It mandates prior informed consent before storing or accessing any information on a user's device, with narrow exceptions only for transmission necessity and explicitly requested services.
Finland implements the ePrivacy Directive through Section 205 of the Information Society Code with notably strict interpretations. Browser settings are explicitly insufficient for consent, and legitimate interest is not a valid legal basis for cookies — stricter than many EU countries.